Key Diseases pot plants

Anthracnose

Pathogen - fungi Colletorichum, Gloeosporum. It affects leaves, stems, petioles and fruits of plants. First appear yellowish-brown spots on leaves and stems with dark pads sporification. The photo shows the mushroom spores, if we look carefully, you notice that spots on the upper side of the sheet surface is not smooth, and covered with downy hairs, spores, but spores are already noticeable in the strong defeat the plant. Stains on different plants look different. At Clivia they can be reddish brown in the Ivy or grayish-yellow, sometimes purple spots, and some plants are very small, yellowish-green spots, which are then browning. In the development of disease spots increase in size, merge, leaf turns brown and shrivels. |

Anthracnose is developing rapidly under greenhouse conditions, ie with high humidity (90%) and elevated temperature. And as with the frequent (several times a day) spraying plants. Mushroom frost - is stored in plant residues, in the seeds and covered with water for irrigation.

Prevention and control measures. Remove leaves with suspicious stains, decontamination of land, seed dressing. When signs of manifestation of the disease is necessary to reduce humidity. Conduct spraying with chemicals. Among them 1% solution of liquid Bordeaux (100 g copper sulphate + lime 100g at 10 liters of water), solution of copper oxychloride, copper sulphate (500 g for 10 liters of water), colloidal sulfur (50-100g to 10 liters of water), Strobe (in a system with other fungicides, 4g to 10l of water), ABiH Peak (40-50g to 10l of water).

Askohitoz

Pathogen - fungi Ascochyta. At the initial stage there are small, only 1-2 mm reddish or brown spots on leaves and stems. The spots increase in size and become dark brown with a yellowish tinge necrotizing hloroznoy border on the edge. Small black fungal spores can only see under increasing scrutiny. If the expansion of the fungus on the stem ringed it, the stem is easily nadlamyvaetsya. Sometimes the disease begins with signs peresushki plants - are beginning to dry up the tips of the leaves, on the border of healthy tissue formed a dark brown stripe. The causative agent is very resistant to the profound differences of temperatures, ie transfers as well as severe drought, and freezing of the soil. Saved on plant debris, seeds. The disease spread with the wind, nedezinfitsirovannoy soil, water droplets.

Prevention and treatment, as with anthracnose.

Fillostikoz

Pathogen - fungi Phyllosticta. In infected plants first appear small black or dark purple dots. They grow and turn into brown spots with purple, almost black border around the edge. Mid spots thinner dries and often drops out, holes are formed. When considering a magnifying glass can be seen on the brown parts of the black spots are rounded spores. The disease spread with the wind, nedezinfitsirovannoy soil, water droplets.

Prevention and treatment, as with anthracnose. Septariose

Pathogen - fungi Septoria.

First, there are small whitish or gray spots with brown rim on the edge, round or oval. With the development of disease spots are increasing, and in the center of some of them appear small, dark brown or black spores, which can be seen with the naked eye. Sometimes the amount of generated spots like rashes all over the sheet. Over time, the spots coalesce, turn brown, and the leaf dries. Ideal conditions for disease development - high humidity and temperature within 28-31 °.

Powdery Mildew

Pathogen - a vast group of powdery mildew order Erysiphales. Among them are the most common fungi of the genus Oidium, Sphaerotheca, etc.

The disease manifests itself outwardly in education at the top of the first sheet of small spots, as if sprinkled with starch or flour. Duration easily erased. Gradually the spots increase in size, cover the entire leaf, and then the whole plant. Over time, mycelium grows dark and white film turns into gray, and then to brown, the leaves are deformed, shrink and overfly. Mealy plaque can be formed with both the external and the internal side of leaves. Promote the development of the disease increased humidity (60-80%), relatively high temperatures (around 20 ° C), the sharp fluctuations of temperatures (day and night time), as well as the high content of nitrogen in the soil or top dressing nitrogen fertilizer.

Control measures: Avoid excess nitrogen fertilizer in the soil, especially for flowering plants. Avoid crowding plants, stagnant humid air. At the initial stage of the appearance of single spots, cut off the affected leaves and shoots. Process plant solution of sodium carbonate (50 g of sodium, 40g soap in 10 liters of water). If severe defeat by spraying with copper oxychloride 0.5%, 1% colloidal sulfur, topaz, tiovitom, as well as a mixture of antibiotics (terramycin 100ed/ml, 100ed/ml penicillin, streptomycin 250ed/ml, in the ratio 1:1:1). You can use these drugs as "Topaz", "Vectra", "fast", "bayleton", etc.

Downy Mildew

Pathogen - fungi Peronospora.

On the upper side of leaves formed yellow or brown spots of irregular shape. From the bottom of the leaves - a light strike of conidial sporification agent, released on the leaf surface through stomata. Sick leaves turn yellow and die prematurely. Causative agent with a strong degree of destruction can penetrate into the vascular system, which is noticeably on the cut in the form of blackened vessels (mycelium and spores).

The disease is prevalent in heavy acidic soils. Exacerbate the spread of high humidity and poor ventilation. Source of infection - not disinfected the soil and seeds.

Control measures. Hydrothermal treatment of seeds (immersion in hot water at 50 ° C for 20 min. Followed by rapid cooling in cold water for 2-3 min.). Careful removal of sick leaves and heavily infested plants. You can apply "oksihom", "kuproksat, 1% solution of Bordeaux fluid. Processing starts at the first sign of disease and repeat every 7-10 days, especially carefully handle the lower side of leaves. Conduct must be at least 5 treatments.